tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21571039942931505942024-03-08T00:59:23.230-08:00หน่วยที่3Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12609598596870684168noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2157103994293150594.post-53298992784828773532013-06-28T11:53:00.002-07:002013-08-25T05:18:04.426-07:00<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; margin: 9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;">
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<span style="color: #6aa84f;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">หน่วยการเรียนรู้ที่</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 3</span></b></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="color: #6fa8dc;"> </span></span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="color: #6fa8dc; font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">คอมพิวเตอร์และระบบคอมพิวเตอร์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #cc0000;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ประวัติของคอมพิวเตอร์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cc0000;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เครื่องคอมพิวเตอร์ที่ใช้งานในปัจจุบัน</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เป็นอุปกรณ์ที่ได้รับการพัฒนามาอย่างต่อเนื่องมาหลายร้อยปี</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เริ่มจากการสร้างอุปกรณ์ที่ไม่มีกลไกซับซ้อน</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">จนกลายมาเป็นเครื่องคอมพิวเตอร์มีศักยภาพสูงที่นำมาใช้งานในชีวิตประจำวันในขณะนี้</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เพื่อนำมาช่วยทำงานด้านการคำนวณประมวลผล
และสามารถนำไปใช้ในการควบคุมการผลิตงานทางด้านอุตสาหกรรมในโรงงานต่าง ๆ
อุปกรณ์ชิ้นแรกซึ่งเป็นที่มาของคอมพิวเตอร์เริ่มจากการคิดค้นของชาวจีนในช่วงปี</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">พ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.</span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ศ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. 500 </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">มีการประดิษฐ์ลูกคิด</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (Abacus) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ขึ้นมาช่วยในการคิดเลขจึงถือได้ว่าเครื่องคิดเลขนี้เป็นต้นกำเนิดของเครื่องคิดเลขในยุคต่อมา</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cc0000;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ความหมายของคอมพิวเตอร์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cc0000;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">คอมพิวเตอร์
เป็นเครื่องมือหรืออุปกรณ์ประเภทอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ที่ทำงานด้วยคำสั่ง ชุดคำสั่ง
หรือโปรแกรมต่าง ๆ สามารถเชื่อมต่อกันเป็นเครือข่ายได้หลายแบบ
รวมทั้งเครือข่ายอินเตอร์เน็ตด้วยลักษณะเด่นของคอมพิวเตอร์คือมีศักยภาพสูงในการคำนวณประมวลผลข้อมูลทั้งที่เป็นตัวเลข
รูปภาพ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ตัวอักษร
และเสียง
ทำให้คอมพิวเตอร์เป็นเครื่องมือที่สามารถนำมาประยุกต์ใช้กับงานได้อย่างกว้างขวาง</span></b></span></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #cc0000; font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ส่วนประกอบของคอมพิวเตอร์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span></span></b><span style="color: #6aa84f;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">คอมพิวเตอร์ที่สามารถทำงานได้ครบถ้วนอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพต้องมีองค์ประกอบสำคัญ
ดังนี้</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #6aa84f;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">คอมพิวเตอร์ฮาร์ดแวร์
หมายถึง ส่วนที่ประกอบเป็นเครื่องคอมพิวเตอร์รวมอุปกรณ์ต่อพ่วงต่าง ๆ
ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับคอมพิวเตอร์ที่เราสามารถมองเห็นและสัมผัสได้ เช่น ตัวเครื่อง
จอภาพ คีย์บอร์ด และเมาส์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เป็นต้น</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b></span><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="color: #bf9000;"> </span></span></b><span style="color: #bf9000;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">จำแนกหน้าที่ของฮาร์ดแวร์ต่าง
ๆ สามารถแบ่งออกเป็นส่วนสำคัญ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 5 </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ส่วน
คือ</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="color: #674ea7;">1. </span></span></b><span style="color: #674ea7;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">หน่วยรับข้อมูลเข้า</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(Input Unit) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เป็นวัสดุอุปกรณ์ต่าง
ๆ
ที่นำมาเชื่อมต่อทำหน้าที่ป้อนสัญญาณเข้าสู่ระบบเพื่อกำหนดให้คอมพิวเตอร์ทำงานตามความต้องการทั้งวัสดุอุปกรณ์เกี่ยวข้อง
เช่น แป้นอักขระ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (keyboard) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เมาส์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(mouse) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ซีดีรอม</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(CD-Rom) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ไมโครโฟน</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(Microphone) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ฯลฯ</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #674ea7;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 2. </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">หน่วยประมวลผลกลาง</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (Central Processing Unit : CPU) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ทำหน้าที่เกี่ยวกับการคำนวณทั้งทางตรรกะและคณิตศาสตร์
รวมทั้งการประมวลข้อมูลตามคำสั่งที่ได้รับ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #674ea7;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 3. </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">หน่วยความจำ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (Memory Unit) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ทำหน้าที่เก็บข้อมูลหรือคำสั่งที่ส่งมาจากหน่วยรับข้อมูล
เพื่อเตรียมส่งไปประมวลผลยังหน่วยประมวลผลกลาง
และเก็บผลลัพธ์ที่ได้มาจากการประมวลผลแล้ว</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เพื่อเตรียมส่งไปยังหน่วยแสดงผล</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="color: #674ea7;">4. </span></span></b><span style="color: #674ea7;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">หน่วยแสดงผล</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (Output Unit) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ทำหน้าที่แสดงผลข้อมูลที่คอมพิวเตอร์ทำการประมวลหรือผ่านการคำนวณแล้ว</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #674ea7;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 5. </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">อุปกรณ์ต่อพ่วงอื่น
ๆ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (Peripheral Equipment) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เป็นอุปกรณ์ที่นำมาต่อพ่วงเข้ากับเครื่องคอมพิวเตอร์
เพื่อช่วยเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพในการทำงานให้มากยิ่งขึ้น เช่น โมเด็ม แผงวงจรเชื่อมต่อ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เครือข่าย
เป็นต้น</span></b></span></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #660000; font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ประโยชน์ของคอมพิวเตอร์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="color: #6fa8dc;"> </span></span></b><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ประโยชน์ที่เราได้รับจากการนำคอมพิวเตอร์มาใช้งาน</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">สามารถแบ่งได้ดังนี้</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 1. </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">มีความเร็วในการทำงานสูง</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เครื่องคอมพิวเตอร์ที่ใช้งานในปัจจุบันสามารถประมวลผลคำสั่งในช่วงเวลา</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 1 </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">วินาทีได้มากกว่าหนึ่งร้อยล้านคำสั่งจึงใช้ในงานคำนวณต่าง
ๆ ได้อย่างรวดเร็ว</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เช่น</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">การฝากถอนเงินจากตู้เอทีเอ็ม</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เป็นต้น</span></b></span><br />
<span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 2.</span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">มีประสิทธิภาพในการทำงานสูง</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">สามารถทำงานได้ตลอด</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 24 </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ชั่วโมง</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เป็นสัปดาห์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">หรือเป็นปีโอกาสเครื่องเสียน้อยมาก
ใช้แทนกำลังคนได้มากมาย</span></b></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #6fa8dc; font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 3.</span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">มีความถูกต้องแม่นยำตามโปรแกรมที่สั่งงานและข้อมูลที่ใช้</span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="color: #6fa8dc;">4.</span></span></b><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">เก็บข้อมูลได้มาก</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ไม่ต้องใช้เอกสารและตู้เก็บ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 5.</span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">สามารถโอนย้ายข้อมูลจากเครื่องหนึ่งไปอีกเครื่องหนึ่งโดยผ่านระบบเครือข่ายได้อย่างรวดเร็ว</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ช่วยอำนวยความสะดวกในการใช้งาน</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ระบบคอมพิวเตอร์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ระบบคอมพิวเตอร์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">หมายถึง</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b></span><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">กรรมวิธีที่คอมพิวเตอร์ทำการใด
ๆ กับข้อมูลให้อยู่ในรูปแบบที่เป็นประโยชน์ตามความประสงค์ของผู้ใช้มากที่สุด เช่น
การตรวจสอบข้อมูลประชาชนจาก</span>ระบ<span style="color: #6fa8dc;">บทะเบียนราษฎร์ ของสำนักทะเบียนราษฎร์
กรมการปกครองกระทรวงมหาดไทย ระบบเวชระเบียนของโรงพยาบาล ระบบเสียภาษี
ระบบทะเบียนการค้า ระบบทะเบียนประวัติอาชญากรรมของสำนักงานตำรวจแห่งชาติ ฯลฯ
ถ้าต้องการทราบข้อมูลต่าง ๆ เหล่านี้
สามารถตรวจสอบได้โดยการประมวลผลของระบบคอมพิวเตอร์จากหน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้องได้</span></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #6fa8dc; font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">องค์ประกอบของระบบคอมพิวเตอร์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="color: lime;"> </span></span></b><span style="color: lime;"><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ระบบคอมพิวเตอร์ที่สามารถทำงานอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพจะประกอบด้วยส่วนสำคัญ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4 </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ส่วน
ดังนี้</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Angsana New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">· </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ฮาร์ดแวร์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (hardware) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">หรือส่วนเครื่อง</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: lime;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">· </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ซอฟต์แวร์</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (software) </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">หรือส่วนชุดคำสั่ง</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: lime;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">· </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">ข้อมูล</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (data)</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
<span style="color: lime;"><br /></span>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">· </span></b><b><span lang="TH" style="font-family: "Angsana New","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Times;">บุคลากร</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (people)</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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